| 657 | | Mu'awiyan defeats Caliph Ali in the Battle of Siffin in Mesopotamia. |
| 1526 | | Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon and colonists leave Santo Domingo for Florida. |
| 1529 | | Francisco Pizarro receives a royal warrant to "discover and conquer" Peru. |
| 1758 | | British forces capture France's Fortress of Louisbourg after a seven-week siege. |
| 1759 | | The French relinquish Fort Ticonderoga in New York to the British under General Jeffrey Amherst. |
| 1775 | | The Continental Congress establishes a postal system for the colonies with Benjamin Franklin as the first postmaster general. |
| 1790 | | An attempt at a counter-revolution in France is put down by the National Guard at Lyons. |
| 1794 | | The French defeat an Austrian army at the Battle of Fleurus, France. |
| 1830 | | King Charles X of France issues five ordinances limiting the political and civil rights of citizens. |
| 1847 | | Liberia becomes the first African colony to become an independent state. |
| 1848 | | The French army suppresses the Paris uprising. |
| 1886 | | William Gladstone is replaced by Lord Salisbury as Prime Minister of England. |
| 1918 | | Britain's top war ace, Edward Mannock, is shot down by ground fire on the Western Front. |
| 1920 | | The 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified. |
| 1948 | | In an Executive Order, President Harry Truman calls for the end of discrimination and segregation in the U.S. armed forces. |
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