| 1765 | | English Prime Minister Lord Greenville resigns and is replaced by Lord Rockingham. |
| 1774 | | Russia and the Ottoman Empire sign the Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji, ending their six-year war. |
| 1779 | | American troops under General Anthony Wayne capture Stony Point, N.Y. |
| 1875 | | The new French constitution is finalized. |
| 1882 | | Mary Todd Lincoln, the widow of Abraham Lincoln, dies of a stroke. |
| 1918 | | Czar Nicholas and his family are murdered by Bolsheviks at Ekaterinburg, Russia. |
| 1940 | | Adolf Hitler orders preparations for the invasion of England. |
| 1944 | | Soviet troops occupy Vilna, Lithuania, in their drive towards Germany. |
| 1945 | | The United States detonates the first atomic bomb in a test at Alamogordo, N. M. |
| 1969 | | Apollo 11 blasts off from Cape Kennedy, Florida, heading for a landing on the moon. |
| 1999 | | A private plane piloted by John F. Kennedy Jr. is lost over the waters off Martha's Vinyard, Mass. |
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