| 1396 | | The last great Christian crusade, led jointly by John the Fearless of Nevers and King Sigismund of Hungary, ends in disaster at the hands of Sultan Bajazet I's Ottoman army at Nicopolis. |
| 1598 | | In Sweden, King Sigismund is defeated at Stangebro by his Uncle Charles. |
| 1775 | |
British troops capture Ethan Allen, the hero of
Ticonderoga, when he and a handful of Americans try to invade Canada. |
| 1789 | | Congress proposes 12 new amendments to the Constitution. |
| 1804 | | The 12th Amendment is ratified, changing the procedure of choosing the president and vice-president. |
| 1846 | |
American General Zachary Taylor's forces capture
Monterey, Mexico. |
| 1909 | |
The first National Aeronautic Show opens at Madison
Square Garden. |
| 1915 | |
An allied offensive is launched in France against
the German Army. |
| 1918 | | Brazil declares war on Austria. |
| 1937 | |
German Chancellor Adolf Hitler meets with Italian
Premier Benito Mussolini in Munich. |
| 1938 | | President Franklin Roosevelt urges negotiations between Hitler and Czech President Benes over the Sudetenland. |
| 1942 | | The War Labor Board orders equal pay for women in the United States. |
| 1943 | |
The Red Army retakes Smolensk from the Germans who
are retreating to the Dnieper River in the Soviet Union. |
| 1959 | | President Eisenhower and Soviet Premier Khrushchev begin Camp David talks. |
| 1974 | | Scientists warn that continued use of aerosol sprays will cause ozone depletion, which will lead to an increased risk of skin cancer and global weather changes. |
| 1981 | |
Sandra Day O'Connor, the first female Supreme Court
Justice, is sworn in. |
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