1296 | | Edward I defeats the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar. |
1509 | | Pope Julius II excommunicates the Italian state of Venice. |
1565 | | The first Spanish settlement in Philippines is established in Cebu City. |
1773 | | British Parliament passes the Tea Act. |
1746 | | King George II wins the battle of Culloden. |
1813 | | American forces capture York (present-day Toronto), the seat of government in Ontario. |
1861 | | President Abraham Lincoln suspends the writ of habeas corpus. |
1861 | | West Virginia secedes from Virginia after Virginia secedes from the Union. |
1863 | | The Army of the Potomac begins marching on Chancellorsville. |
1865 | | The Sultana, a steam-powered riverboat, catches fire and burns after one of its boilers explodes. At least 1,238 of the 2,031 passengers--mostly former Union POWs--are killed. |
1909 | | The Sultan of Turkey, Abdul Hamid II, is overthrown. |
1937 | | German bombers of the Condor Legion devastate Guernica, Spain. |
1941 | | The Greek army capitulates to the invading Germans. |
1950 | | South Africa passes the Group Areas Act, formally segregating races. |
1961 | | The United Kingdom grants Sierra Leone independence. |
1975 | | Saigon is encircled by North Vietnamese troops. |
1978 | | The Afghanistan revolution begins. |
1989 | | Protesting students take over Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China. |
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