1505 | | On their way to India, a group of Portuguese explorers sack the city-state of Kilwa. |
1567 | | Mary, Queen of Scots, is imprisoned and forced to abdicate her throne to her 1-year-old son James VI. |
1701 | | Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac establishes Fort Ponchartrain for France at present-day Detroit, Michigan. |
1704 | | Admiral George Rooke takes Gibraltar from the Spanish. |
1766 | | At Fort Ontario, Canada, Ottawa chief Pontiac and William Johnson sign a peace agreement. |
1791 | | Robespierre expels all Jacobins opposed to the principles of the French Revolution. |
1847 | | The first members of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Mormons) arrive in Utah, settling in present-day Salt Lake City. |
1862 | | The eighth president of the United States, Martin Van Buren, dies at the age of 79. |
1897 | | African-American soldiers of the 25th Infantry Bicycle Corps arrive in St. Louis, Mo., after completing a 40-day bike ride from Missoula, Montana. |
1941 | | The U.S. government denounces Japanese actions in Indochina. |
1942 | | The Soviet city of Rostov is captured by German troops. |
1950 | | The U.S. Fifth Air Force relocates from Japan to Korea. |
1974 | | The Supreme Court rules that President Richard Nixon must surrender the Watergate tapes. |
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