| 1261 | | Constantinople falls to Michael VIII of Nicea and his army. |
| 1385 | | John of Portugal defeats John of Castile at the Battle of Aljubarrota. |
| 1598 | | Hugh O'Neill, the Earl of Tyrone, leads an Irish force to victory over the British at Battle of Yellow Ford. |
| 1760 | | Frederick II defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Liegnitz. |
| 1864 | | The Confederate raider Tallahassee captures six Federal ships off New England. |
| 1872 | | The first ballot voting in England is conducted. |
| 1914 | | The Panama Canal opens to traffic. |
| 1935 | | American comedian and "cowboy philosopher" Will Rogers dies in an airplane accident, along with American aviation pioneer Wiley Post. |
| 1942 | | The Japanese submarine I-25 departs Japan with a floatplane in its hold which will be assembled upon arriving off the West Coast of the United States, and used to bomb U.S. forests. |
| 1944 | | American, British and French forces land on the southern coast of France, between Toulon and Cannes, in Operation Dragoon. |
| 1945 | | Gasoline and fuel oil rationing ends in the United States. |
| 1947 | | Britain grants independence to India and Pakistan. |
| 1950 | | Two U.S. divisions are badly mauled by the North Korean Army at the Battle of the Bowling Alley in South Korea, which rages on for five more days. |
| 1969 | | Over 400,000 young people attend a weekend of rock music at Woodstock, New York. |
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