| 1350 | | John II, also known as John the Good, succeeds Philip VI as king of France. |
| 1485 | | Henry Tudor defeats Richard III at Bosworth. This victory establishes the Tudor dynasty in England and ends the War of the Roses. |
| 1642 | | Civil war in England begins as Charles I declares war on Parliament at Nottingham. |
| 1717 | | The Austrian army forces the Turkish army out of Belgrade, ending the Turkish revival in the Balkans. |
| 1777 | | With the approach of General Benedict Arnold's army, British Colonel Barry St. Ledger abandons Fort Stanwix and returns to Canada. |
| 1849 | | The Portuguese governor of Macao, China, is assassinated because of his anti-Chinese policies. |
| 1911 | | The Mona Lisa, the famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci, is stolen from the Louvre in Paris, where it had hung for more than 100 years. It is recovered in 1913. |
| 1922 | | Michael Collins, Irish politician, is killed in an ambush. |
| 1942 | | Brazil declares war on the Axis powers. She is the only South American country to send combat troops into Europe. |
| 1945 | | Soviet troops land at Port Arthur and Dairen on the Kwantung Peninsula in China. |
| 1945 | | Conflict in Vietnam begins when a group of Free French parachute into southern Indochina, in repsonse to a successful coup by communist guerilla Ho Chi Minh. |
| 1983 | | Benigno Aquino, the only real opposition on Ferdinand Marcos’ reign as president of the Philippines, is gunned down at Manila Airport. |
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