| September 13 |
| 1515 |
|
King Francis of France defeats the Swiss army under
Cardinal Matthias Schiner at Marignano, northern Italy. |
| 1549 |
|
Pope Paul III closes the first session of the Council
of Bologna. |
| 1564 |
|
On the verge of attacking Pedro Menendez's Spanish
settlement at San Agostin, Florida, Jean Ribault's French fleet is scattered by
a devastating storm. |
| 1759 |
|
British troops defeat the French on the plains of
Abraham, in Quebec. |
| 1774 |
|
Tugot, the new controller of finances, urges the
king of France to restore the free circulation of grain in the kingdom. |
| 1782 |
|
The British fortress at Gibraltar comes under attack
by French and Spanish forces. |
| 1788 |
|
The Constitutional Convention authorizes the first
federal election resolving that electors in all the states will be appointed on
January 7, 1789. |
| 1789 |
|
Guardsmen in Orleans, France, open fire on rioters
trying to loot bakeries, killing 90. |
| 1846 |
|
General Winfield Scott takes Chapultepec, removing
the last obstacle to U.S. troops moving on Mexico City. |
| 1862 |
|
Union troops in Frederick, Maryland, discover General
Robert E. Lee's attack plans for the invasion of Maryland wrapped around a pack
of cigars. They give the plans to General George B. McClellan who does nothing
with them for the next 14 hours. |
| 1863 |
|
The Loudoun County Rangers route a company of Confederate
cavalry at Catoctin Mountain in Virginia. |
| 1905 |
|
U.S. warships head to Nicaragua on behalf of American
William Albers, who was accused of evading tobacco taxes. |
| 1918 |
|
U.S. and French forces take St. Mihiel, France in
America's first action as a standing army. |
| 1945 |
|
Iran demands the withdrawal of Allied forces. |
| 1951 |
|
In Korea, U.S. Army troops begin their assault in
Heartbreak Ridge. The month-long struggle will cost 3,700 casualties. |
| 1961 |
|
An unmanned Mercury capsule is orbited and recovered
by NASA in a test. |
| 1976 |
|
The United States announces it will veto Vietnam's
UN bid. |
|
