| 1468 | | Lorenzo the Magnificent and his brother Giuliano succeed their father, Piero de Medici, as rulers of Florence, Italy. |
| 1762 | | France cedes to Spain all lands west of the Mississippi--the territory known as Upper Louisiana. |
| 1818 | | Illinois admitted into the Union as the 21st state. |
| 1800 | | The French defeat an Austrian army at the Battle of Hohenlinden, near Munich. |
| 1847 | | Frederick Douglass and Martin R. Delaney establish the North Star, and anti-slavery paper.
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| 1862 | | Confederate raiders attack a Federal forage train on the Hardin Pike near Nashville, Tenn. |
| 1863 | | Confederate General James Longstreet moves his army east and north toward Greeneville. This withdrawal marks the end of the Fall Campaign in Tennessee. |
| 1864 | |
Major General William Tecumseh Sherman meets with
slight resistance from Confederate troops at Thomas Station on his march to the
sea. |
| 1906 | | The U.S. Supreme Court orders Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) leaders extradited to Idaho for trial in the Steunenberg murder case. |
| 1915 | |
The United States expels German attaches on spy
charges. |
| 1916 | |
French commander Joseph Joffre is dismissed after
his failure at the Somme. General Robert Nivelle is the new French commander in
chief. |
| 1918 | | The Allied Conference ends in London where they decide that Germany must pay for the war. |
| 1925 | | The League of Nations orders Greece to pay an indemnity for the October invasion of Bulgaria. |
| 1926 | | British reports claim that German soldiers are being trained in the Soviet Union. |
| 1950 | |
The Chinese close in on Pyongyang, Korea, and UN
forces withdraw southward. |
| 1965 | |
The National Council of Churches asks the United
States to halt the massive bombings in North Vietnam. |
| 1977 | | The State Department proposes the admission of 10,000 more Vietnamese refugees to the United States. |
| 1979 | | Eleven are dead and eight injured in a mad rush to see a rock band (The Who) at a concert in Cincinnati, Ohio. |
| 1984 | | Toxic gas leaks from a Union Carbide plant and results in the deaths of thousands in Bhopal, India. |
| 1989 | |
Presidents George Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev announce
the official end to the Cold War at a meeting in Malta. |
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